學習就是一個不斷突破自己的過程，以下本站小編整理的GMAT閱讀機經練習：Whipbird唱歌，希望對大家有所幫助，更多資訊請關注應屆畢業生網!
1. Whipbird唱歌【疑似原文】
V1
講一種什麼鳥，雌鳥會迴應雄鳥的叫聲，提出來兩個假設來解釋這種現象，結論是雌鳥這樣迴應是為了防小三。
V2
我感覺這個貌似和雞精有點出入，本月寂靜V1是說feed ，但我這篇通篇都在講whipbird唱歌，和V2是一個題。研究者研究他們為什麼要唱歌，三段，第一段有點失憶，第二段主要研究比較male和female的鳥什麼時候唱歌，第二段第一句話超級長又繞，我看了半天才看出來是比較。。。。比較單身的female鳥、有老公的female鳥、單身的male鳥，有老婆的male的'鳥，還有一對一對的鳥哪個叫的更頻繁。大家注意仔細看看這段話，有題!還有一個infer的題，問從文中可以infer什麼?我選的是A female鳥比male鳥唱歌唱的多。最後得出結論female是為了防小三!(是的就是這麼奇葩!)
V3
有篇新的是說一種鳥whipbird，中文是鞭鶇(也是醉了...)科學家研究雌鳥，雄鳥唱歌以及couple合唱等等傳遞的資訊。最後一篇時間好緊，基本是半分一題過的...
V4
簡短三段式：介紹試驗背景+第一種解釋+第二種解釋
科學家針對某種鳥夫妻雌鳥用叫聲迴應公鳥的情況，進行試驗。當獨身雌鳥、獨身雄鳥、另一對鳥夫妻進入原鳥夫妻領地時，雌鳥在獨身雌鳥“入侵”時迴應老公最賣力= =據此科學家針對雌鳥迴應公鳥的動機提出兩種解釋，第一種是為了防小三，第二種貌似是表現commitment...但明顯第
二種解釋沒有前者給力，文中舉出了一些削弱的點。
【疑似原文】
這是一篇oxfordjournal，原文太長，只截取了相對有用的部分，
Paired male and female eastern whipbirds, sing precisely coordinated, male-led duets. Four broad explanations have been proposed for the function of duets: 1) cooperative resource defense, 2) prevention of partner usurpation, 3) defense of an individual’s own position within the partnership, or 4) mate identification and localization. These 4 hypotheses make different predictions about how male and female residents should respond to simulated intrusion by other pairs or individuals. We compared the behavioral and vocal responses of 20 pairs of eastern whipbirds to simulated territorial intrusions by: 1) a solitary singing male, 2) a solitary singing female, and 3) a duetting pair. Males and females did not coordinate their approach to the playback speaker and showed sex-specific responses to playback. Males did not respond differently to duetting versus solo singing intruders. By contrast, females approached more closely during solo female song than during solo male song or duet playback.
Females also produced specific vocalizations only in response to duet and solo female playback. Both sexes approached the speaker more close
ely and quickly during playback of same-sex solo songs than opposite-sex solo songs. Finally, females answered more of their mate’s songs during simulated intrusion by a lone female than during simulated intrusion by a lone male. Our results suggest that duets in this species primarily function to allow females to defend their exclusive position in a partnership.
Mate defense by females is unusual in birds but may be promoted in eastern whipbirds by a female-biased sex ratio and the need for exclusive access to male care. Thus, duets result from independent and conflicting strategies of mate and territory defense in males and females.
Our results do not support hypotheses that female eastern whipbirds reply to their partner to identify themselves to jointly defend a shared resource or to prevent their partner being usurped. Rather, duets in this species appear to play a primary role in allowing females to defend their exclusive position in a partnership. Female whipbirds may reply precisely to their partner to signal commitment to their partner or, more likely, as a method of acoustic mate defense. Defence of their position in the partnership may be necessary because a female-biased sex ratio is likely to create conditions of intense intrasexual competition between females for mate, and exclusive access to male care plays an important role in female reproductive success. This study suggests that duets are a consequence of the sexes following independent strategies of mate and territory defense and highlights the existence of possible conflicts between partners. Further studies are required to determine whether duets function in a similar way in other species that form duets initiated exclusively by males.
