考研短文寫作中通常考查的圖表作文型別有：表格圖、圓形結構圖、條形圖、圖畫等。下面我們分別加以說明：
1表格圖作文
表格可以對大量的資料或資訊進行分類，直觀性強，便於比較分析。考生需要把有關資訊轉化為文字形式，主要考查考生的資料分析和材料歸納能力。一般來說，文章以三段論的形式出現。第一段總結歸納資訊反映的總體情況，點出主題思想；第二段回答第一段所得出的問題，對數字、資料等資訊做出有條理的分析比較，第三段做出總結或給以簡單評論。如：
【例1】
Directions：Study the following tables carefully and write an essay on the title of Exports and Imports of essay must meet the following requirements.
(1)State the conditions.
(2)Analyze the distribution of exports and imports.
(3)Draw a conclusion.
DISTRIBUTION，BY PERCENT，OF EXPORTS FROM AND IMPORTS TO
THE UNITED STATES IN 1986
Trade SectorExports*Imports**NonOPEC Developing Countries292％285％OPEC Countries50％56％Common Market Countries245％202％Canada209％178％ Japan124％222％Other Developed Countries71％51％Centrally Planned Economics09％06％Type of GoodsExports*Imports**Manufactured626％659％Nonmanufactured374％341％*Total exports=$217 billion
**Total imports=$387 billion
分析：上面兩個圖表反映了美國1986年進出口的基本情況。出口總額為$217 billion，進口總額為$387 billion，因此美國在這一年出現了比較大的貿易逆差(trade deficit)。從進出口在各國的分配情況來看，美國進出口貿易最多的是非“歐佩克”國家，最少的是實行計劃經濟的國家。從進出口產品的組成上來說，製成品佔絕對多數，而非製成品的'進出口額在整個貿易額中所佔的比例只有1／3左右。但從另一方面來講，美國的主要貿易物件還是發達國家，它們(經濟共同體、日本、加拿大和其他發達國家)所佔美國整個貿易額的比例為：進口：653％.出口：649％。通過這樣的分析，我們可以得出這樣的結論，即美國應加強和發展中國家的貿易往來，逐步縮小貿易逆差。
參考範文
Exports and Imports of USA
From the tables we can see that in 1986，the total value of manufactured imports to the United States was approximately $260 billion，and that of nonmanufactured imports to the United States about $130 total value of manufactured exports from the United States added up to almost $140 billion，and that of non-manufactured exports to some $70 for the distribution of exports from and imports to the USA，the developed countries ranked on the top of the list，followed by non-OPEC developing centrally planned economics concluded the least business with the we take a much closer look at the table，we will see that there was a big difference between imports and year the United States trade balance(total value of exports minus total value of imports)with those countries was a minus number，reaching $170 billion.
Considering the above information，it is clear that the United States should readjust its trade system and take some effective measures to enhance its t，I think the USA government should make some policies to stimulate the business with those centrally planned economics，thus increasing its exports to these countries and gradually softening its balance nd，the USA may expand the scale of investment abroad and explore more overseas markets to promote the sales of its developing countries such as China and India are big potential markets，which are full of business should not focus its attention only upon some developed countries，which are the main factors responsible for its trade these
United States
is likely to change its present state of trade balance.(280 words)
2圓形結構圖作文
圓形結構圖最能直觀地表示總量與各分量之間的比例關係。它由各扇區組成，如：
A Survey on
Reading
of Yangtser Evening Newspaper
分析：該圓形結構圖反映了《揚子晚報》的讀者情況，簡單直觀，清楚明瞭，資料資訊充實可靠。
考生們可嘗試寫一篇短文。
