定語從句在歷年的大學聯考英語中,無論是在全國卷還是地方卷,定語從句幾乎年年都有,下面是小編為大家收集整理的高中定語從句易錯題相關內容,歡迎閱讀。
■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was B. itwas
C. which were D. themwere
【易錯】容易誤選A或B,將A、B中的which 和 it 誤認為是其後句子的主語。
【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一個由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句,而在該從句中,主語是 high mountains,around which 是表語,所以句子謂語應用複數were,而不是用單數 was。請做以下類例題目(答案均為C):
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around_______ some fruit shops.
A. which is B. it is
C. which are are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside______ the city police station.
A. which are is
C. which is D. them are
(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to_______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are is
C. which is are
■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospitalaround ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
【易錯】容易誤選 B,認為 around 是介詞,選which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital,在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。
【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析並不算錯,但問題是,照此分析,此句的意思即為:有沒有這樣一個醫院,我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理,因為人們通常是在醫院裡面治傷,而不是在醫院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是:句中的 around 不是介詞,而是副詞,意為“在附近”;其後的' where 引導定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital,句意為:附近有沒有一家醫院,我可以去治我的手傷?
■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth onceevery month.
A. It
C. That
【易錯】容易誤選 A,認為此處應填一個形式主語。
【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題:
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travelsround the earth once every month.
A. It B. As
C. That D. What
此題答案選 A,it 為形式主語,真正的主語是後面的 that從句。
再比較下面一組題,其中第(1)題選 B,第(2)題選 D:
(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of thestudents in senior school is increasing.
A. Which
C. That D. It
(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of thestudents in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As
C. That D. It
■ David is such a good boy _______ all theteachers like.
【易錯】此題容易誤選A,許多同學一看到題幹中的such,再聯絡到選項中的 that,便認為這是考查such … that …句式。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。
【分析】最佳答案為C,不是A,因為在such… that … (如此……以至……)結構中,that 引導的是結果狀語從句,並且 that 在從句中不充當句子成分,若在上句填入 such … that …,句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下:as 用作關係代詞,用以引導定語從句,修飾其前的名詞 boy,同時 as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like的賓語,句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學可能還會問,假若選A,能否將其後的 that視為引導定語從句的關係代詞呢?不能,因為當先行詞受到 such的修飾時,其後的定語從句應用關係代詞 as 來引導,而不用that。比較下面一題,答案為A,因為 like 後有自己的賓語 him:
David is such a good boy_______ all the teachers like him.
A. that
C. as
請再做以下試題(答案選D):
It was not such a gooddinner _______ she had promised us.
A. like
C. which
■ The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by anangry crowd.
A. that
C. them h
【易錯】容易誤選 C,用 them 代指the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句,修飾 the buses。類似地,以下各題也選D:
(1) His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is nowworth $50, 000.
A. that
C. them D. which
(2) Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll bedriving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. that
C. them D. which
(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I satreading the paper.
A. that B. it
C. them D. which
類似地,以下各題選 whom,不選 them:
(4) George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays,was a warm-hearted person.
A. that B. him
C. them D. whom
(5) Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will comeback home this summer.
A. that B. who
C. them D. whom
(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ werestill university students.
A. that B. who
C. them
■ He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great successin their own field.
A. whom
C. which D. who
【易錯】容易誤選 B,用 them 代指students。
【分析】最佳答案是A,many of whom gained great success intheir own field 為非限制性定語從句。假若在manyof… 的前面加上連詞and,則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A):
(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ waseasy to answer.
A. which
C. what D. that
(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______was easy to answer.
A. them h
C. what D. that
(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neitherof _______ knew anything about the other.
A. whom
C. which
(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, andneither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. them B. whom
C. which D. who
■ He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to hiswedding.
A. whom B. them
C. which D. who
【易錯】容易誤選 A,認為這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】最佳答案是B,這不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨立主格結構,因為空格後的動詞invited 並不是一個完整的謂語,而是一個過去分詞。當然,假若在invited 前加上助動詞 were,則是一個非限制性定語從句,答案便應選A。比較:
(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,none of _______ carried out in their work.
A. which B. them
C. what D. that
答案選B,none of them carried out in their work 是獨立主格結構,其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。
(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them
C. what
答案選A,none of them were carried out in theirwork 是非限制性定語從句,注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞were。
(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,but none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them
C. what D. that
答案選B,由於兩句之間增加了一個並列連詞but,使得該句成了一個並列句
On Sundays therewere a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated togetherjoking.
A. their e
C. which
【易錯】容易誤選B,認為這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。與上面一題相似,their parents seated togetherjoking 不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨立主格結構,因為空格後的動詞seated 不是謂語,而是一個過去分詞,因為 seat作動詞用時,是及物動詞。比較以下相似題:
(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which
選B。whose parents were seated togetherjoking 為非限制性定語從句,因為其後有完整的謂語 wereseated。
(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which
選A。因為句中有並列連詞and,整個句子為並列句。
(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D. that
選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結構。
(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D. that
選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句,因為句中有完整的謂語 sat。
(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which
選B。whose parents were sitting togetherjoking 為非限制性定語從句,因為句中有完整的謂語 weresitting。
■ If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows howshallow he is.
A. as h
C. what
【易錯】容易誤選A或B,誤這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】正確答案為D,注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句,逗號後是該狀語從句的主句,that 在此代表前文所述的情況,用作主句的主語。
延伸閱讀:定語從句答題技巧
1.正確識別定語從句及其先行詞;
2.識別定語從句中動詞短語與主句謂語動詞的關係;
3.根據時間狀語及隱含的時間判斷謂語動詞的時態形式。