定語從句,一個簡單句跟在一名詞或代詞後(先行詞)進行修飾限定,就叫做定語從句。
會考定語從句易錯題
命題角度1
正確區分關係代詞與關係副詞的用法
1.(典型例題精選 )I walked in our garden,Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.
A. whichB. whenC. whereD. that
[考場錯解]B
[專家把脈]以句意來看,很容易把本題當作是一個時間狀語從句或是等立連詞when引導的從句。根據題幹分析,後者是用來說明Tom and Jim要做的事情的地點.也就是說應該用定語從句來修飾和說明情況,故填 where來引導非限制性定語從句。
[對症下藥]C
2.(典型例題精選 ) If a shop has chairswomen can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where
[專家把脈]本題考查了對定語從句及其引導詞的判斷。該句句意為“如果商店裡有椅子供和婦女來購物的男人們使用。婦女們在商店中會待更長的時間。”chairs在句中作先行詞表示地點,後跟定語從句須用where引導,where在從句中作狀語。
[對症下藥]D
3.(典型例題精選 )You can find whatever you need at the shopping center,is always busy at the weekend.
A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which
[考場錯解]A
[專家把脈]本題考查非限制性定語從句。that, what不引導非限制性定語從句,where表示地點。
[對症下藥]D
4.(典型例題精選 ) Her sister has become a lawyer,she wanted to be.
A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which
[考場錯解]A
[專家把脈]考生乍一看先行詞“a lawyer"指人,誤選 A。分析從句及根據題意“她姐姐已當了一名律師,那是她過去曾想從事的一種職業(律師)”故選D。which引導非限制性定語從句,而B that不能引導非限制性定語從句。這是有關定語從句的題,故不選c。
[對症下藥]D
5.(典型例題精選Womendrink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart dis ease than thosedon' t.
A.who;不填B.不填;who
c.who;whoD.不填表;不填
[考場錯解]B
[專家把脈]本題考查who引導的定語從句。第一個空who在從句中做主語,women為先行詞;第二空中, who引導的從句省略了“drink two cups of coffe a day”,先行詞為those。
[對症下藥]C
6.(典型例題精選We' re just trying to teach a pointbeth sides will sit down together and talk.
A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which
[考場錯解]B或C
[專家把脈]考生易把此題理解為when引導的時間狀語從句,而誤選C。本題考查where引導的'定語從句, where在從句中作狀語;而that引導定語從句時,在從句中做主語或賓語。因此本題應選A。
[對症下藥]A
專家會診
1.定語從句相當於一個形容詞,起定語作用,修飾名詞或代詞。
2.定語從句的引導詞的三種功用:(1)引導定語從句;(2)替代先行詞;(3)在定語從句中充當一定的成分。
3.解題要領:根據定語從句中所缺成分來確定是用關係代詞還是關係副詞,決不要因先行詞是時間名詞就用when,是地點名詞就用where。
4.當先行詞指物時,許多情況下既可以用關係代詞which,也可以用關係代詞that,但在下列情況下,只能使用關係代詞that(1)當先行詞是不定代詞all,much,little,something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one時。如: Do you have anything that you want to say for youraelf ?You should hand in all that you have.
(2)當先行詞前面有only,any,few,little,no, all,very等詞修飾時。如:
This is the very book that I' m looking for.
The only thing that we can do is to give you some mane),.
(3)當先行詞是形容詞最高階時或它的前面有形容詞最高階修飾時。如:
This is the best that has been wasted against pollution.
This is the most interesting film that I' ve ever seen.
(4)當先行詞是序數詞或它前有一個序數詞時,如:
This train is the last that will go to Huangzhou.
What is the first American film that you have seen?
(5)當先行詞既有.人又有物時,如:
Do yon know the things and persons that they are talking about?
(6)當主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時。如:Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
(7)有兩個定語從句時,其中一個關係代詞已用which,另外一個空用tbato如:
They secretly built up a small factory which pro- duced things that could cause pollution.