一、演繹推理論證法
將一個具體的事例運用到一個一般性原則從而得出結論。
論點:Demand for this product wii go up。
論據:The price of the product is sliding.
推理依據:Whenever prices of a product go down , demand for it rises.
二、定義法
界定一個概念的'關鍵內涵;或者認定某個事物符合某個定義，從而得出結論。例如:
論點:Radical feminists are not good citizens.
論據:Radical feminists lack family values.
推理依據:Family values characterize the good citizes.
三、因果關係論證法
將一個判斷放入一個因果關係中，指出它或者是原因，或者是結果。例如:
論點:The internet may be causing depression.
論據:When a group of people increased their use of the Internet , they felt depressed.
推理依據:There are no other reasons for the groups depression.
四、歸納推理論證法
從若干個具體事例中推出共性的一般結論。如:
論點:Everyone likes the movie.
論據:I know three people who like the movie.
