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托福英语考试阅读长难句解读

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托福英语考试阅读长难句解读

  task 1

From an artist’s point of view, Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes that can easily be traced and also increases the contrast between light and dark,leading to the chiaroscuro effect seen in many of these paintings. (TPO44, 48)

chiaroscuro /k,ɑr'skro/ n. 明暗对照法;对比法

大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解

(From an artist’s point of view), Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes (that can easily be traced) and also increases the contrast between light and dark, (leading to the chiaroscuro effect) (seen in many of these paintings. )(TPO44, 48)

  托福阅读长难句100句分析:

这个句子的主干:

Hockney observed that…

从句中是一个并列结构:a camera obscura compresses…and also increases…

修饰一:(From an artist’s point of view) ,介词短语

中文:从艺术家的观点来看

修饰二:(that can easily be traced) ,从句

中文:很容易被追踪

修饰三:(leading to the chiaroscuro effect) ,非谓语动词

中文:产生了明暗效果

修饰四:(seen in many of these paintings.) ,非谓语动词

中文:在很多这类画中可以被看见

  托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译:

从艺术家的观点来看,Hockney观察到暗箱可以将复杂的三维场景压制成易于捕捉的二维图像,并增加光与影之间的反差,从而产生了在很多这类画中可以看见的明暗效果。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、介词和从句,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

看明白之后,别只看一遍,给我看几十遍!!没事就拿出来欣赏欣赏,直到你想吐为止。

  task 2

Many ecologists now think that the relative long-term stability of climax communities comes not from diversity but from the “patchiness” of the environment; an environment that varies from place to place supports more kinds of organisms than an environment that is uniform. (TPO 3 The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems)

托福阅读长难句句子分析:本句由分号连接了两个分句,分号前主句的谓语动词是think,而that则引导了宾语从句,表达了许多生态学家对此的看法。在这个宾语从句中,两个名词diversity和the patchiness由not from…but from...结构连接,是并列关系,此并列结构表示“不是来自于……,而是来自于……”,阅读重点应该是but from后面的内容。分号后主句的谓语动词是supports,还有两个that引导的定语从句,修饰各自前面的environment。

  托福阅读长难句词汇精记

climax communities表示“顶级群落”,指的是生物群落经过一系列的演替,最终形成的保持相对稳定的群落。

patchiness表示生物学中的“斑块性”。

organisms指的`是“生物体”。

vary from place to place表示“因各地不同而产生变化”,是写作可以借鉴的词组,比如:Views on this heated topic vary from place to place in China. 关于这个热点话题,在中国各个地方都持有不同的看法。

  托福阅读长难句参考译文

现在的很多生态学家们认为:顶级群落相对长期的稳定性并非来自多样性,而是来自环境的“斑块性”;因各地不同而产生变化的环境比统一的环境能支持更多种类的生物体。