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Leonardo da Vinci was the first man to suggest that growing trees add a new ring in their trunks each year. The 11 in these rings relates to the physical conditions which the tree experiences. Thus, trees grown in a 12 area and time each develop a pattern or configuration of their rings.
This 13 was of little significance until Andrew E. Douglas began to study tree rings in Arizona in 1900. Using a technique called cross dating, he was able to employ tree rings to the study of archaeological sites and date the ruins with 14 . Some were as old as 6700 B. C. ! This study of tree rings is called dendrochronology.
In time the cross dating was 15 by a carbon 14 process. This approach measured the amount of carbon 14 radiating from a piece of wood and 16 to determine the age of that wood. Further use of the carbon 14 technique has shown that the radiation process is more complex and less 17 than had been at first thought.
The most 18 aspect of tree ring research is now called
dendroclimatology. This 19 of the reconstruction of climates and climatic cycles and events from the evidence found in the tree rings. From this it is hoped that a 20 of drought cycles can be determined in the American Southwest. Such information will be of great help in determining the life and ecology of that region of the United States.
A. thus l ation ept
E. accuracy ting ists n
I. proposition oses her ern
M. supplemented able llent
參考答案
II. B 12. J 13. A 14. H 15. C 16. I 17. M 18. E 19. D 20. K
part 2Gary Finkle had his backbone severely __11__ in a swimming-pool accident seven years ago. A heavy-set, bearded man of 27, he is one of thousands of Americans who have lost__12__ all feeling and movement from their shoulders down. He lives with his wife, Micky, and a female monkey named Jo outside the village of Andes, N. Y.
Gary is a participant in a remarkable __13__ called Helping Hands: Simian Aides for the disabled. The nonprofit organization__14__ the disabled with trained monkeys that reduce the disabled person's __15__ on family, friends and hired attendants.
Using his mouth, Gary controls a small laser pointer mounted on his wheelchair. With it, he directs Jo to change books or cassette player. She brings him drinks from a refrigerator and __16__ away empties.
When asked, Jo will fetch the remote control for the TV and place it on Gary's working table where he can operate it with his mouth-stick. The mouth-stick is his__17__ tool. It can be used for practically everything: turning the pages of a book,__18__ the telephone, changing channels on the TV, working at a typewriter or computer. If Gary's mouth-stick drops to the floor, Jo will pick it up and __19__reinsert it into his mouth.
"I can't imagine living without her," Gary says. He will always need __20__assistance for such things as getting in or out of bed, bathing or changing his clothes.
A. human B. dependency C. humble D. virtually
E. injured F. clears G. visibly H. agent
I. cleans J. supplies K. wounded L. primary
M. dialing N. enterprise O. gently
參考答案
II. E 12. D 13. N 14. J 15. B 16. F 17. L 18. M 19. O 20. A
