2017年職稱英語不久後就要開考了，為了幫助大家備考，小編整理了一些衛生了B級閱讀理解練習，歡迎閱讀!
Find Yourself Packing It on?Blame Friends
Obesity call spread from person to person,much like a virus,researchers are reporting one person gains weight,close friends tend to gain weight,too.
Their study,published in The New England Journal of Medicine,involved a detailed analysis of a large social network of 12,067 people who were been closely followed for 32 years,from 1971 to 2003.
The investigators knew who were friends with whom as well as who was a spouse or sibling or neighbor,and they knew how much each person weighed at various times over three decades. That let them reconstruct what happened over the years as individuals became their friends also become obese?Did family members?Or neighbors?
The answer,the researchers report,was that people were most likely to become obese when a friend became increased a person's chances of becoming obese by 57 e was no effect when a neighbor gained or lost weight,however,and family members had less influence than friends.
It did not even matter if the friend was hundreds of miles away,the influence remained. And the greatest influence of all was between close mutual e,if one became obese. the other had a 171 percent increased chance of becoming .
The same effect seemed to occur for weight loss,the investigators since most people were gaining,not losing,over the 32 years,me result was,on average,that people grew fatter.
olas stakis,a physician and professor of medical sociology at Harvard Medical School and a principal investigator in the new study,said one explanation was that friends affected each others’perception of a close friend becomes obese,obesity may not look so bad.
"You change your idea of what is an acceptable body type by looking at the people around you."stakis said.
The investigators say their findings can help explain why Americans have become fatter in recent years—each person who became obese was likely to drag along some friends.
Their analysis was unique,stakis said,because it moved beyond a simple analysis of one person and his or her social contacts and instead examined all entire social network alonce,looking at how a person’s friend’s friends,or a spouse’s sibling’s d have aIl influence on a person’s weight.
The effects,he said,"highlight the importance of a spreading process.a kind of social contagion,that spreads through the network."of course,the investigators al networks are not the only factors that affect body e is a strong genetic component at work,too.
Science has shown that individuals have genetically determined ranges of weights,spanning perhaps 30 0r so pounds for each that leaves a large role for the environment in determining whether a person’s weight is near the top of his or her range or near the people have gotten fatter,it appears that many are edging toward the top of their question has been why.
If the new research is correct,it may say that something in the environment seeded what some call an obesity epidemic,making a few people gain social networks let the obesity spread rapidly.
had the greatest influence on people who became obese?
r friends.
r neighbors.
r family members.
r colleagues.
12、Which of the following statement about a friend’s influence is false according to the report?
nds had more influence than family members on people who became obese.
if the friend lives far away,the influence still remained.
le were not likely to lose weight when they have skinny friends.
greatest influence of all was between close mutual friends.
13、According to olas A,Christakis,what is the explanation for friends being the greatest influence?
nds usually spend a lot of time together.
nds share similar eating habits.
nds are more important than family members.
nds affected each others’feelings of fatness.
14、Which factor of becoming obese is not mentioned in this report?
al contact.
tic information.
style.
ronmental influences.
15、In what way is obesity contagious and epidemic?
al networks let the obesity spread rapidly.
B.1ndividuals have genetically determined ranges of weights.
ity can easily spread from one to another without any physical contact.
ity can spread rapidly and extensively by infection and affecting many individuals in an area or a population at the same time.
參考答案：11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.A
Knitting
My mother knew how to knit (編織),but she never taught assumed,as did many women of her generation,that knitting was no longer a skill worth passing down from mother to ination of feminism (女權主義) and consumerism (消費主義) made many women feel that such homely accomplishments were now out of Grandmother still knitted,though,and every Christmas she made a pair of socks for my brother and me,of red were the ones we wore under our ice skates (冰鞋),when it was really important to have warm feet.
Knitting is a nervous habit that happens to be helped me quit smoking by giving my hands something else to is wonderful for depression because no matter what else happens,you are creating something spent in front of the television or just sitting is no longer time wasted.
I love breathing life into the 's true magic,finding a neglected,dog-eared old book with the perfect snowflake design,buying the same Germantown wool my grandmother used,in the exact blue to match my daughter's eyes; taking it on the train with me every day for two months,working enthusiastically to get it done by Christmas,staying up late after the stockings are filled to sew in the sleeves and weave in the ends.
Knitting has taught me patience.I know that if I just keep going,even if it takes months,there will be a I make a mistake,I know that anger will not fix it,that I just have to go back and take out the stitches (針腳) between and start over again.
People often ask if I would do it for money,and the answer is always a definite the first place,you could not pay me enough for the hours I put into a more important,this is an activity I keep separate from such considerations.I knit to cover my children and other people I love in warmth and color.I knit to give them something earthly that money could never buy.
Knitting gives my life an alternative rhythm to the daily day I can write about Northern Ireland or the New York City Police Department and get paid for it,but on the train home,surrounded by people with laptops,I stage my little rebellion: I take out my old knitting bag and join the centuries of women who have knitted for love.
did many women feel that knitting was out of date?
use their mothers didn't teach them.
use they were influenced by feminism and consumerism
use they were feminists.
use they were consumerists.
author wore the red socks her grandmother had knitted for her
she went to school.
she went sightseeing.
she celebrated Christmas.
she went skating.
word "quit" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A."give up".
B."speed up".
C."slow down".
D."build up".
rding to the passage， which of the following statements about knitting is NOT true?
ting helps one get rid of bad habits.
ting helps one get free from a bad mood.
ting requires patience.
ting is a profit-making business.
h of the following is NOT the writer's purpose of knitting?
save money.
make full use of her leisure time.
enrich her life.
show her love for the family.
參考答案：11.B 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.A
Memory Class
Stan Field knows what age can do to a person's memory,and he's not taking any chances with chooses his food carefully and gets plenty of also avoids stress,coca cola and cigarette 's more,at breakfast each morning,the 69-year-old chemical engineer swallows a plateful of pills in the hope of boosting his brain power.
Michelle Arnove is less than half Field's age,but no less concerned about her
e working round the clock to finish a degree in film studies,the 33-year-old New Yorker had the alarming sensation that she had stopped retaining anything."I couldn't even remember names," she says."1 thought,'Oh no,I'm over 's all downhill from here." Besides loading up on supplements,Arnove signed up for a memory-enhancing course at New York's Mount Siani Medical when she got there,she found herself surrounded by people who were just as worried as she was.
For millions of Americans,and especially for baby boomers (生育高峰期出生的'人),the demands of the Information Age conflict with a sense of declining physical power."When boomers were in their 30s and 40s,they launched the fitness boom," says Cynthia Green,the psychologist who teaches Mount Sinai's memory class."Now we have the mental-fitness ry is the boomers' new life-crisis issue." And of course a major marketing demand for books and seminars has never been greater,says Jack Lannom,a Iongtime memory trainer whose weekly TV show,
"Mind Unlimited," goes out to 33 million homes on the Christian ous consumers are rushing to buy do-it-yourself programs and supplement makers are trying to sell everything but sawdust (木屑) as a brain booster.
But before you get out your checkbook,a few questions are in everyday forgetfulness signal declining brain function? Is "megamemory" (超強記憶) a realistic goal for normal people? And if you could have a perfect memory,would you really want it? Until recently,no one could address those issues with much authority,but our knowledge of memory is techniques are revealing how different parts of the brain interact to preserve meaningful ogists are trying to understand the underlying (潛在的) chemical processes and neuroscientists (神經系統科學家) are discovering how age,stress ,and other factors can disrupt one is close to finding the secret to perfect recall,but as you'll see,that may be just as well.
does Stan Field take at breakfast?
only.
and pills.
ing.
eful of pills only.
is the meaning of "working round the clock"?
iring clocks.
ng clocks.
ing with a clock nearby.
ing day and night.
baby-boomers living in the Information Age feel that
r financial status is declining.
r political influence is declining.
r physical power is declining.
r will power is declining.
h of the following does NOT indicate people's enhanced awareness of the importance of memory?
demand for books on memory.
demand for seminars on memory.
demand for memory-enhancing supplements.
demand for coca cola and cigarettes.
rding to the writer， the secret to perfect memory
been found.
never be found.
found a long time ago.
not in sight yet.
參考答案：11.B 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.D
