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part 1
完形填空練習
閱讀下面短文，其中有十處空白，根據短文的內容在文中的空白處填上適當的字母，使之構成一個完整的單詞。該單詞的第一個字母已經給出。 Heart
The heart is really just a very strong pump. It has four valves made of very thin, strong tissues. If the damage to the h( 1 is not too bad, we put in pieces of natural heart-valve, which are taken from other people w ( 2 have just died. If a damaged artery is not too big, we replace it with a piece of vein. We take the v( 3 from another part of the patient's own body. The human body has more veins than it really needs.
But how can we operate on the heart? how does the blood continue to flow round the b( 4 ? Here the engineers really have helped us. We use the heart-lung machine. It does the work of both the heart and the l( 5 . It pumps the patient's blood out of a large vein near the heart and passes the blood through a 'bath' of oxygen. The b( 6 is filled with oxygen, and other gases are taken away from it, as in our lunges. The m( 7 keeps the blood warm all the time. Then it pumps the blood back into a large artery. It does all this in a very gentle way, the blood c( 8 are not damaged. So we can work on a heart which is empty of blood.
"If you aren't breathing, and if our heart isn't beating, you are d( 9 ," people used to say. But that is not true now. Although the heart is not pumping, and the patient is not breathing, his blood is still going around his body w( 10) the help of the machine. He is very much alive. The heart-lung machine saves thousands of lives every year. It's really a wonderful invention!
參考答案：
1 heart 2 who 3 vein 4 body 5 lungs 6 blood 7 machine 8 cells 9 dead 10 with
part 2
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness，but Dr. Kleitman has a new has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re ’’hot". That’s time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the others it comes in the afternoon or one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues as："Get up，John! You’ll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature。and-energy peak in the family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your energy cycle，but you can learn to make your life fit it t can help，tman e you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want your energy IS low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual won’t change your cycle，but you’11 get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your up with a leisurely yawn and on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the d the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night ever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
(1)If a person finds getting up early a problem，most probably
A he is a lazy person
B he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C he is not sure when his energy is low
D he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
本題在形式上是一個條件句，但實質上是要應試者搞清楚人們能否早起同什麼有關。也就是說，本題要求找到文章的第一句(Do you find getting up in the morning So difficult that it’s painful?)和其他有關句子的聯絡。文章的第二句說，"有人可能會把這說成是懶散，但Kleitman博士卻另有解釋。"因此，選項A顯然不對。再根據文章第二段中John的自言自語，以及緊接著的解釋：John is at his gy peak in the evening.依此推理，不能早起，則很可能和這個人的能量週期有關。因此，選項D應是正確答案。
(2)Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
A Unawareness of energy cycles.
B Familiar monologues.
C A change in a family member’s energy cycle.
D Attempts to control the energy cycles of other family members.
本題的關鍵是看懂文章第二段的最後一句(即"Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has.")，同時聯絡本段的第四句和第五句(即"For some people the peak comes during the others it comes in the afternoon or evening.")的意思。該句的直接意思是"如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量週期是怎麼回事，以及家庭每個成員有什麼樣的週期，很多家庭爭吵就會停止"。也就是說，家庭爭吵的'發生是因為丈夫和妻子不瞭解能量週期是怎麼回事，更談不上了解每個家庭成員有什麼樣的能量週期了。因此A項：Unawareness of energy cycles.(不知道能量週期。)應是正確答案。
(3)If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning，he should _____.
A change his energy cycle
B overcome his laziness
C get up earlier than usual
D go to bed earlier
本題要求應試者找出文章第三段中的最後兩句，並聯系本段開頭兩句的意思，作出正確判斷。文章第三段開頭說，"雖然你無法改變自己的能量週期，但你可以使你的生活適合這一週期。tman認為經常性的行為(對你的能量週期)能起作用。"最後兩句又說，"…rise before your usual hour… work better at your low point…"("如果你在上午處於能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那麼你就要比平時早起。這並不改變你的週期，但你可以在低潮時得到能量，工作得更好。")因此選項C是正確答案。
(4)You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will--.
A help to keep your energy for the day’s work
B help you to control your temper early in the day
C enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D keep your energy cycle under control all day
本題題干與答案是因果關係。回答這一問題的關鍵是弄明白文章最後一段的第二句和其他句子的聯絡。首先要注意這一段的第一句"Get off to a slow start which saves your energy"，也就是說早上慢慢起床可以節省能量。緊接該句的三個句子都是慢慢起床的具體做法。因此選項A是正確答案。
