完形填空
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Wonder Webs
Spider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps. And the world’s best web spinner may be the Golden Orb Weaver spider. The female Orb Weaver spins a web of fibers thin enough to be invisible to insect prey, yet 1 enough to snare a flying bird without breaking.
The secret of the web’s strength? A type of super-resilient 2 called dragline. When the female spider is ready to 3 the web’s spokes and frame, she uses her legs to draw the airy thread out through a hollow nozzle in her belly. Dragline is not sticky, so the spider can race back and forth along 4 to spin the web’s trademark spiral.
Unlike some spiders that weave a new web every day, a Golden Orb Weaver 5 her handiwork until it falls apart, sometimes not for two years1. The silky thread is five times stronger than steel by weight and absorbs the force of an impact three times better than Kevlar, a high-strength human-made 6 used in bullet-proof vests. And thanks to its high tensile strength, or the ability to resist breaking under the pulling force called tension, a single strand can stretch up to 40 percent longer than its original 7 and snap back as well as new. No human-made fiber even comes 8 .
It is no 9 manufacturers are clamoring for spider silk. In the consumer pipeline: high-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings that never run2. Think parachute cords and suspension bridge cables. A steady 10 of spider silk would be worth billions of dollars — but how to produce it? Harvesting silk on spider farms does not 11 because the territorial arthropods have a tendency to devour their neighhors.
Now, scientists at the biotechnology company Nexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after Golden Orb dragline. The 12 step: extract silk-making genes from the spiders. Next, implant the genes into goat egg cells. The nanny goats that grow from the eggs secrete dragline silk proteins in their 13 . “The young goats pass on the silk-making gene without 14 help from us,” says Nexia president Jeffry Turner. Nexia is still perfecting the
spinning process, but they hope artificial spider silk will soon be snagging customers 15 the real thing snags bugs.
註釋：
1. sometimes not for two years：相當於 sometimes it does not fall apart for two years
2. run：(編織物 )抽絲
練習：
1. A tough B soft C large D smooth
2. A cloth B silk C nylon D wool
3. A repair B pull C move D weave
4. A him B her C it D those
5. A refixes B reproduces C remakes D reuses
6. A metal B mass C material D model
7. A bredth B length C height D strength
8. A close B well C open D awake
9. A hurry B worry C wonder D use
10. A shipment B supply C run D exchange
11. A run B go C deal D work
12. A previous B foremost C first D front
13. A milk B meat C lungs D muscle
14. A no B any C some D many
15. A as fast as B as gently as C as fully as D as little as
答案與題解：
1. A flying bird飛入蜘蛛網時有股衝力，網線堅韌才能捕捉到它，所以選 tough。本句中的 without breaking也指示 tough。
2. B英語中蜘蛛網絲是 spider silk。見第三、第四段分別出現的 silky thread和 spider silk。
3. D 本句說蜘蛛織網的機制和過程，所以選， weave而且，這種蜘蛛就叫 Golden Orb Weaver。
4. C從上下文判斷， along之後接的是 the dragline，其代詞應為 it。
5. D 本句說 Golden Orb Weaver與某些種類的蜘蛛不同，它不用每天織新網，只要網不破，就能一直使用下去，有時一用 2年，所以選， reuses。
6. C本句將 Golden Orb Wesver蜘蛛網的牢度和張度與防彈衣材料 Kevlar對比，說明該蜘蛛網堅韌的程度。填入的詞應該是 Kevlar的同位語， Kevlar是一種材料，所以選 material。
7. B除了上下文的意思要求填 length之外，本句中的用詞 stretch和 longer都指示要用 length。
8. A come後面可接形容詞。 come close意為“接近”。 come well，come open，come awake都能搭配，但意思與上下文配不上。
9. C It is no wonder (that)是“不足為奇，十分自然”的意思。只有選 wonder意思才連貫。
10. B從意義上判斷， a steady supply是正確的選擇。 shipment (運送)、run (運轉)或 exchange(交換)的意思與上下文配不上。
11. D 上下文的意思要求用“起作用”這個詞，英語 work在本句的詞義是“起作用”。
12. C下一句是以 Next開始的。有 next，前面很可能有 first之類表次序的詞。
13. A 常識告訴我們，把 dragline silk proteins分泌在 milk裡，才容易分離出來，所以，選 meat，lungs或 muscle都是不合常理的。
14. B在 without之後要用 any，一般不用 some。英語不說 without no …， many不能修飾 help。
15. A 本題只能選 as fast as。若選 B、C 或 D，意思與上下文配不上。
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Captain Cook Arrow Legend
It was a great legend while it lasted, but DNA testing has 1 ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook 2 died in the Sandwich Islands1 in 1179.
“There is 3 Cook2 in the Australian Museum,” museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone. But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its 4 , “Uncovered: Treasures of the Australian Museum,3” which 5 include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.
Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with 6 the “Great South Land,” 7 Australia, in 1770. He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands, now Hawaii.
The legend of Cook’s arrow began in 1824 8 Hawaiian King Kamehamcha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams, a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife, saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal 9 with islanders.
In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued 10 it came face-to-face with science.
DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more 11 made of animal bone, said Philp.
However, Cook’s fans 12 to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered, as they say there is evidence not all of Cook’s body was 13 at sea in 1779. “On this occasion technology has won,4” said Cliff Thornton, president of the Captain Cook Society，in a 14 from
Britain. “But I am 15 that one of these days … one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day.”
1. A finally B firstly C lately D usually
2. A whose B who C which D what
3. A some B none C neither D no
4. A cinema B exhibition C shop D market
5. A must B did C has to D does
6. A discovering B visiting C travelling D using
7. A then B now C past D previously
8. A how B where C when D that
9. A conversation B fight C meal D dance
10. A however B until C after D whenever
11. A helpfully B usefully C likely D readily
12. A refuse B return C regain D reply
13. A collected B washed C stored D buried
14. A statement B suggestion C proposal D guess
15. A safe B weak C sure D lucky
答案與題解：
1. A第一段說 DNA鑑定的結論中止了流傳二百年有關箭是用 Cook船長骨頭製成的傳說。根據這一層意思，選 finally是合適的。其他三個選項的詞義都對不上號。
2. B Cook之後的從句是定語從句，替代 Cook的關係代詞應該是 who。Whose也可替代 Cook，但是 whose是所有格，而定語從句中的關係代詞用作主語，所以只能選 who。
3. D本段和其他有關段落都說到，澳大利亞博物館沒有用 Cook船長骨頭製成的箭，所以本題只能選 no，不能選 some。None之後不能直接跟名詞。 Neither一般與 nor成對連用。
4. B博物館中不會把珍藏的' arrow陳列在 shop，market或 cinema，所以 exhibition是答案。
5. D does用在動向前表示強調 , does include的意思是“確實包括”。用 did不妥，因為主句的謂語用的是一般將來時 will not stop。 has to或 must也不妥，因為上下文的意思並沒有要求用“必須” (must)或“不得不” (has to)。
6. A be credited with的意思是“把……歸功於”，再聯絡到前面兩次提到 Cook是偉大的 explorer，選項 A的 discovering是放恰當的選擇。 Visiting，travelling和 using與 be credited with所表達的意思都搭不上。
7. B 從上下文判斷， Cook發現的是當時稱為 Great South Land，現在稱為 Australia的那塊大陸。 now是答案。注意，下句中桑偉奇群島，現稱夏威夷群島，也用 now。then(當時)、past(過去的)或 previously(以前)意思與上下文表達的意思連線不上。
8. C 1824之後的定語從句是修飾表達時間概念 1824的，所以連線詞要用關係副詞 when。
9. B第三段提到 Cook是給亂棍打死的 (He was clubbed to death …)，所以選擇 fight是很自然的。
10. B第五段主要的意思是“有關……的傳說繼續到……為止”，所以合適的選擇是 until。
11. C本段表明 DNA鑑定的結論是：這支箭不是用 Cook的骨頭製成的，接下去的意思是，這支箭很可能是用動物的骨頭製成的。而 more likely是“很可能”的意思。其他三個選項的詞義與本句表達的意思不匹配。
12. A 從上下文判斷，只有選 refuse才符合原意。從語法上判斷， refuse後面可接動詞不定式。其他三個選項的同義與句子表達的意思不符。
13. D was buried at sea是“葬身海中”的意思。其他三個選項的詞義與句子表達的意思不符。
14. A 本題從語義上只能選 statement(宣告)。其他三個選項，即 suggestion(建議)、proposal(提議)與 guess (猜測)表達的意思與語境不符。
15. C本題要選 sure，表示 Cliff Thornton對 sure後面的 that從句表達的將要發生的事有信心，而 safe，weak或 lucky的詞義與句子表達的意思不符。
