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Hurricanes (龍捲風)
(1) Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability ( 不可預知 ) factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist (性別歧視的) nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.
(2) Hurricanes and typhoons ( 颱風 ) are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "big wind" if they are Pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning"great wind." To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.
(3) Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses (凝結) from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator (赤道) . To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air,the kind of air that can only be found in tropical region.
(4)Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hour. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don't know how to make sure such great energy work for us.
(5) Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters. It moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location for several days. It can be maddening (發瘋的 )if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.
(6) The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these,we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.
23——26概括大意
23. Paragraph 1 __________
24. Paragraph 2 __________
25. Paragraph 4 __________
26. Paragraph 5__________
A. Short history of naming hurricanes
B. Harnessing the hurricane energy
C. Difficulty in forecasting the course of a hurricane
D. Huge energy stored in a hurricane
E. Forecasting a hurricane through satellite watching
F. Different names for the same things
27——30完成句子
27. Both male and female names are used for hurricanes in consideration of__________.
28. Using weather satellites can ensure __________ of hurricanes.
29. Energy specialists may be interested in __________of hurricanes.
30. Scientists cannot accurately predict the course of a hurricane due to __________.
A. the timely (及時的) discovery
B. convenience
C. sex equality
D. its connection with humans
E. the huge power
F. its uncertainty
答案解析23.A。該段中names反覆出現，所以names是文章中的核心詞，藉助段首句和段末句的句意判斷，答案應為A。
24.F。除了選項F以外，其餘選項中的核心詞，如：harness，forecast，store，satellite等，在文章中均沒有出現。
25.D。該段落中“能量”一詞頻繁出現，所以該詞是該段的中心詞，故可以判斷答案為B和D的可能性很大。再借助段首句和段末句的'句意判斷，答案應為D。
26.C。段首句中就出現了“預測”(predicting)和“困難”(difficult)，所以被選項中C和E可能是答案選項，而E中的“衛星”在該段落中根本沒有出現，所以C是答案。
27.C。題幹：颶風有著男性和女性的名字是考慮到__________。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第一段的最後一句“In l979，realizing the sexist(性別歧視的)nature ofsuch names，the lists were expanded to include both men and women.”故判斷答案為C(性別平等)。
28.A。題幹：使用天氣衛星能保證颶風的__________。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第六段第二句：“With these，we can see the storms form and track them fully,from birth to death.”所以答案為A。
29.E。題幹：能源專家可能對颶風的__________感興趣。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第四段最後兩句，由該處提到颶風中包含的能量，可知答案為E。
30.F。題幹：科學家們不能準確預測颶風的行程是因為__________。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第5 段‘Predicting the path ofa hurricane is one ofthe most difficult tasks for moves at a typical speed of l5 not always.”可知答案為F。
