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Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength asthe global temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group ofinternational researchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8°F ( 1℃ )rise of the Earth's temperature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong orstronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. Morewater vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes that build strengthand head toward land.
Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding themaximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as itpassed over the Florida peninsula, but gained destructive power fight before colliding withNew Orleans, killing more than 200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experiencedover the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating(將人類摧垮的)storms. But theongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of theworst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean withmuitiple Category 5 storms every year.
"Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is theprimary cause of hurricane variability," said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center forIce and Climate at the University of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surfacetemperature increases was more than Girustead and his colleagues had anticipated. Theentire study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest onrecord. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth's temperatures have risenfaster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. Theprimary cause, a couseusus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhousegases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Past hurricanes have supported the study's finding that global temperature rise is linkedto more destructive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, whilethe frequency of storms doesn't appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones hasrisen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, butcomprehensive hurricane data doesn't exist.
61. According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University,the rise of the Earth's temperature is likely to cause
coming of ice age
Katrina-like or worse hurricanes
intense hurricanes
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
62. The ocean water in the region where the storm forms
heating the hurricanes
orates and becomes fuel
s toward land
s into water vapor that makes hurricanes stronger
63. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Hurricane Katrina?
did not lose its strength as it moved.
claimed over 200 people's lives.
caused 80 billion dollars loss for Florida peninsula.
lasted for full 24 hours.
64. What result can regional sea surface temperature changes produce?
icane changes.
al warming.
easing greenhouse gas emissions.
ructive hurricanes.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that
e is no link between greenhouse gas emissions and destructive storms
ction of greenhouse gas emissions may reduce destructive storms
higher percentage of strong ones rose as more hurricanes appeared
records on hurricanes included everything needed
參考答案
61.C)。本題考查地球溫度上升帶來的變化。定位句提到“地球溫度每上升l.8華氏度(1攝 氏度)，那麼大西洋中強度可匹敵甚至勝過卡特里娜颶風的颶風數量會增加兩倍乃至七倍”，故C)“更多像卡 特里娜那樣或是更糟糕的颶風”為答案。
62.D)。本題考查對颶風形成的`區域中海水情況的理解。定位句提到“從海洋中蒸發到空氣中的水分越多，那麼颶風的威力就越強，然後會直撲陸地”，故D)“蒸發成水蒸氣，使得風暴威力增強”為答案。
68.B)。本題考查颶風卡特里娜的細節。定位句提到“卡特里娜颶風在抵達新奧爾良州之前 威力大增，其巨大的破壞力致使200餘人喪生，並造成了800億美元的經濟損失”，故答案為B)。
64.A)。本題考查局域海面溫度的變化對颶風造成的影響。根據定位句，局域海面溫度的變化是颶風變化的主要原因，故答案為A)。
65.B)。由倒數第二段最後一句和最後一段的第一句可知，全球變暖是由溫室氣體大量排放引起的，而全球變暖和破壞性風暴頻率變高之間存在聯絡，由此可推知，減少溫室氣體排放，或可緩解全球變暖的趨勢，從而減少破壞性風暴的發生頻率，故答案為B)。
