高一英語的語法資料1
er
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
ntages/disadvantages優勢/劣勢
since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.從高中起，我姐姐王維和我就一直夢想做一次偉大的自行車旅行。
連詞since引導的時間狀語從句用一般過去時，介詞since與時間點連用
It is/has been+一段時間+since+一般過去時自從……至今已經多久了。
uade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth說服某人做某事
4.強調句型It is/was+被強調部分+that/who
強調句型可以強調除謂語動詞以外的任何句子成份。一般來說，如果被強調部分是人時，用連詞that或who;如果被強調部分是物，只能用連詞that。
not…until的強調句
fond of喜歡，喜愛
ough儘管，雖然，引導讓步狀語從句
① although從句多在句首，though從句可在主句前、中、後任何位置，而且though可以作副詞用於句末，作“但是，不過”講，而although無此用法。
② as though(彷彿，好像)，even though(即使，儘管)中不能用although。
③ though引導的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝(將表語、狀語、情態動詞後的動詞原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而although不可以。
st on doing sth/sth.一定要、堅持主張
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起來把收音機音量開大
about關心在乎
care for喜歡，照料，照顧
ge one’s mind改變主意
rience經歷/經驗
可作為從屬連詞，作“一(旦)……就……”解，連線一個表示時間的狀語從句。從句中常用一般現在時現在完成時表將來。
Once you have begun you must continue.
in讓步give up放棄
ead of代替，而不是
up one’s mind to do下定決心做某事
18.a large parcel of一大包
usual像往常一樣
up our tent搭帳篷
awake睡不著，醒著stay up熬夜
company做伴
beneath the stars躺在星空下
hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
in the right direction走正確的方向
a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
similar to類似於
rd to do sth付得起，能承擔
tired from因……而疲勞be tired of對……厭倦
in high spirits喜氣洋洋，興高采烈
true實現，成真
sb some advice on doing...
33.a guide to………的指南
a tour在遊覽中，在巡演中
detail詳細地
高一英語的語法資料2
時態講解
一、現在進行時
1.表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作。
[例句] He is reading a newspaper now.
2.表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行的動作(說話時動作不一定正在進行)。
[例句] What are you doing these days?
3.表示說話人現在對主語的行為表示讚歎或厭惡等,常與always, constantly, continually等副詞連用。
[例句] He is always thinking of others.
4.表示在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作。常限於go, come, leave, start, arrive等表“移動”、“方向”的詞。
[例句] He is coming to see me next week.
二、過去進行時
1.表示過去某時正在進行的動作。
[例句] He was sleeping when Mary came to see him.
2.動詞go, come, leave, arrive, start等的過去進行時常表過去將來時。
[例句] She said she was going to Beijing the day after tomorrow.
三、一般現在時
1.表示現在習慣或經常反覆發生的動作或存在的狀態,常與usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等時間狀語連用。
[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
2.表示主語現在的特徵、性格和狀態。
[例句] The dictionary belongs to me.
3.表示客觀規律或科學真理、格言,以及其他不受時間限制的客觀存在。
[例句] The moon goes around the sun.
4.在有連詞if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引導的時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中,用一般現在時表將來。
[例句] If you work hard, you won’t fail in the exam.
四、一般將來時
1.表示將來發生的動作或存在的狀態,常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
[例句] I don’t know what will happen in the future.
2.常用來表示將來時的結構包括：
(1) shall / will +動詞原形：(單純)表將來,一般不用於條件句。
(2) be going to +動詞原形：(計劃)打算做……。
(3) be about to +動詞原形：即將或正要去做某事,通常不與時間狀語連用,但可與when引導的從句連用。
(4) be to +動詞原形：預定要做……。
(5) be doing表示按計劃、安排即將發生的動作,常與go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive, return, come, move等表位移的動詞連用。
五、一般過去時
1.表示過去某一時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。
[例句] She went to the zoo yesterday.
2.在時間、條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時。
[例句] He said when she came he would tell her.
六、現在完成時
1.表示過去發生或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果。
[例句] —Have you had your supper yet? —Yes, I have just had it.
2.常與介詞for, during, in, within, over等引導的時間狀語連用,表示過去的某一行為一直延續到現在。
[例句] I haven’t seen my English teacher for a long time.
3.表示反覆或習慣性的動作,常與several times, once, twice, frequently等頻度副詞連用。
[例句] I have been to the USA several times.
4.表示從過去到現在沒有發生過的動作。
[例句] I haven’t swept the floor for a week.
5.用在時間、條件狀語從句中,表示從句動作先於主句動作完成。
[例句] I’ll tell him after you have left.
6.在“級+名詞”或在“這是第幾次…”之後跟定語從句，從句用現在完成時。
[例句] ①This is the third time I have been there.
②This is the best tea I have ever drunk.
七、過去完成時
1.表示在過去某一時刻以前已經開始並一直延續到這一時刻、或是在此刻前已經完成的動作。
[例句] By the end of last term, we had learned 1,000 English words.
2.有些動詞(如：hope, think, expect, mean, intend, suppose, want等)的過去完成時可表示過去未曾實現的希望、打算或意圖。
[例句] I had hoped to see more of Beijing.
高一英語語法時態注意事項
動詞時態應注意的幾點
1.瞬間性動詞的'一般現在時和現在進行時常用來表示將來的動作。例句：
①The film begins in a minute.
②My uncle is leaving tomorrow morning.
2.在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中,常用一般現在時代替一般將來時。例句：
①Every time I listen to that song, I’ll think of my old friend.
②If you do that, I shall be very pleased.
③They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed.
3.一般過去時和現在完成時的區別：一般過去時和現在完成時都表示過去所發生的動作，但現在完成時強調這一動作與現在的關係，如對現在產生的影響、結果等，所以它不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用;一般過去時只表示過去的事實，不表示和現在的關係,因而它可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：
—Have you finished your work?
—Yes, I have.
—When did you finish it?
—I finished it last summer.
直接引語與間接引語轉換時應注意的幾個問題：
1.人稱的變化
2.時態的變化
3.時間狀語的變化
4.地點狀語的變化
例句：
①Xiao Yi said, “I want to go to the park this afternoon.”
→Xiao Yi said (that) he wanted to go to the park that afternoon.
②Bob said, “We’ll have a meeting here tomorrow morning.”
→Bob said (that) they would have a meeting there the next morning.
定語從句中關係代詞只能用that和不能用that的幾種情況：
只能用that的情況
1.先行詞是不定代詞。
例句：Please tell me everything that happened to you.
2.先行詞被形容詞級、序數詞或only, last, same, very等修飾。
例句：①This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.
②This is the only book that I read during the summer holiday.
3.先行詞既包括人又包括物。例句：She talked about the writer and his works that interested her.
不能用that的情況
1.非限制性定語從句中。
例句：He said he could speak three foreign languages, which is not true.
2.先行詞本身是that。
例句：I have that which you gave me.
3. “介詞+關係代詞”結構。
例句：The person to whom I talked just now is Tom.
現在完成進行時與現在完成時進行的比較：
1.強調動作還未結束時,多用現在完成進行時;強調動作的結果時,多用現在完成時。例句：
①I have been painting the paining. (強調“一直在畫”這個動作)
②I have painted the painting. (強調“畫完了”這個結果)
2.有些動詞不能用在現在完成進行時中，但可用在現在完成時中。如：have, love, see等。例句：
①She has had a cold for a week.
②They have loved each other for three years.
③I have seen this movie.
-ing形式：
1. having done
having done是非謂語動詞中-ing形式的完成式,而doing則是其一般式,它們都與句中主語構成邏輯上的主謂關係,只是doing與句中謂語動詞同時發生或基本上同時發生;having done則表示動作或狀態發生在句中謂語動詞之前。
[例句]
①Hearing the news, they got excited. (hear和get excited這兩個動作幾乎同時發生)
②Having arrived at the top of mountain, they took a rest. (arrive發生在take a rest之前)
2.動詞後接動詞的-ing形式和不定式有些動詞後既可接動詞的-ing形式也可接to do形式作賓語，但意義有所不同。
[例如]
① forget / remember / regret doing sth.表示動作已經發生;
forget / remember / regret to do sth.則表示該動作未發生。
② mean to do sth.表示“打算做某事”;
mean doing sth.表示“意味著做某事”。
③ try to do sth.表示“設法盡力做某事”;
try doing sth.表示“試著做某事”。
④ stop to do sth.表示“停下來接著做另一件事”;
stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。
⑤ go on to do sth.表示“(做完某事)接著做另一件事”;
go on doing sth.表示“繼續做同一件事”(= go on with sth.)。
⑥ can’t help to do sth.表示“不能幫助做某事”;
can’t help doing sth.表示“情不自禁地做某事”。
3. have/has been doing
have / has been doing是現在完成進行時的構成，強調動作的延續過程，動作可能還在進行。而have / has done是現在完成時的構成，強調動作的結果，該動作通常已經結束。
[例句]
①I have written a book. (動作結束)
②I have been writing a book. (可能未寫完，側重最近一直忙於寫書)
高一英語語法複習試題
一、單項填空
1. The headmaster called Tom to his office because he had been in the exam .
A. caught cheating B. caught to cheat
C. catching cheating D. catching to cheat
2. The time he for the trip is not suitable any of us .
A. made ; to B. fixed ; for C. gave ; with D. fixed ; to
3. —What do you think of what he did in class ?
—Why he did it was my imagination .
A. beyond B. through C. above D. over
4. My watch is nowhere to be found . I it when I was on the bus .
A. must drop B. can’t have dropped
C. have dropped D. must have dropped
5. —May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight?
—I’m sorry . Mr. Williams to a party long before then .
A. will have gone B. had gone
C. should have gone D. has gone
26. Forty percent of the population of the U.S black.
A. is B. are C. am D. have
7. the party , we would never have today’s happiness .
A. But for B. Only if C. If only D. If
8. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within of little children.
A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance
9. He accidentally he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks .
A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out
10. —Go for a picnic this weekend , OK ?
— , I love getting close to nature .
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not
C. I believe not D. I don’t think so
知識點歸納
use of因為……(注意和because的區別)
if(=even thoug)即使，用來引導讓步狀語從句
up走上前來，走近，發生，出現come up with追上，趕上，提出
unicate with sb和某人交流
different from…與……不同
be different in…在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.我多數作品的演奏風格都不同。
based on以……為基礎
present目前，眼下for the present眼前;暫時
(good/better/full)use of
latter後者the former前者
10.a large number of大量的the number of…的數量
as例如
on堅持住，握住不放;(打電話時)等—會
13.…you will hear the difference in the way(that/in which)people speak.
你會聽出人們在說話時的差異。
a role/part(in)在…中擔任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一個角色
same…as…與……一樣
the top of…在…頂上
at the bottom of在……底部
g up教養，養育;提出
est sb(not)to do sth.要求某人做/不要做某事
satisfied with…對……感到滿意，滿足於
est v.(request，insist…)
I suggested you do what he says.我建議你按照他說的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天還是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他蒼白的臉色暗示了他身體不好。
注意：insist意思為“堅持要求”時後面的that從句用虛擬語氣;如果insist意為“強調，堅持認為”的時候，從句可以用任何所需要的時態。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她堅持認為她沒撒謊。
rding to…按照…根據…
