考研英語完型、閱讀、翻譯及寫作都不開語法知識，語法是基礎，考生一定要熟悉，且靈活的掌握。2017考研複習之初，給大家講解語法知識點，希望大家能夠從現在日積月累，最終質變提升。
下面講解的是關於語法一致原則的知識點：
語法一致原則是指句子的主語和謂語在語法形式上一致，即通常情況下，謂語動詞的單複數形式依主語的單複數形式而定， 主語為單數形式時謂語動詞用單數形式， 主語為複數形式時謂語動詞也用複數形式。
1、以單數名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式;主語為複數時，謂語動詞用複數形式。
如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
注意：由what引導的主語從句，後面的謂語動詞多數情況用單數形式，但若表語是複數或what從句是一個帶有複數意義的並列結構時，主句的'謂語動詞用複數形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.
2、由連線詞and或both ……and連線起來的合成主語後面，要用複數形式的謂語動詞。
如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.
注意：
(1)若and所連線的兩個詞是指同一個人或物時，它後面的謂語動詞就應用單數形式。如：The writer and artist has come.
(2)由and連線的並列單數主語前如果分別有no，each，every more than a (an)，many a (an)修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。
如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.
3、主語為單數名詞或代詞，儘管後面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than，besides，including等引起的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數形式;若主語為複數，謂語用複數形式。如：Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
4、either，neither，each，every 或no +單數名詞和由some，any，no，every構成的複合不定代詞，都作單數看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.
注意：
(1)在口語中當either或neither後跟有“of+複數名詞(或代詞)”作主語時，其謂語動詞也可用複數。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting.
(2)若none of後面的名詞是不可數名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數;若它後面的名詞是複數，它的謂語動詞用單數或複數都可以。
如：None of us has (have) been to America.
5、在定語從句時，關係代詞that, who, which等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數應與句中先行詞的數一致。
如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6、如果集體名詞指的是整個集體，它的謂語動詞用單數;如果它指集體的成員，其謂語動詞就用複數形式。這些詞有family，class，crowd，committee，population，audience等。
如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
注意：people，police，cattle等名詞一般都用作複數。如：The police are looking for the lost child.
7、由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of + 名詞”構成的短語以及由“分數或百分數+名詞”構成的短語作主語，其謂語動詞的數要根據短語中後面名詞的數而定。
如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.
注意：a number of“許多”，作定語修飾複數名詞，謂語用複數;the number of“……的數量”，主語是number，謂語用單數。
8、在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數應與其後的主語一致。
如：There comes the bus. / On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.
