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The caterpillar’s inventor，Norihiko Saga of Akita Prefectural University in Japan，will demonstrate his new method of locomotion at a conference on magnetic materials in addition to lights and cameras，a search caterpillar could be equipped with an array of sensors to measure other factors--such as radioactivity or oxygen levels—that could tell human rescuers if an area is safe to enter.
The magnetic caterpillar is amazingly moves by a process similar to peristalsis，the rhythmic contraction that moves food down your made the caterpillar from a series of rubber capsules filled with a magnetic fluid consisting of iron particles，water，and a detergent—like surfactant，which reduces the surface tension of the fluid：Each capsule is linked to the next by a pair of rubber caterpillar’s guts are wrapped in a clear，flexible polymer tube that protects it from the environment.
To make the caterpillar move forwards，Saga moves a magnetic field backwards along the de the caterpillar’s“head”etic fluid surges towards the attractive magnetic field，causing the capsule to bulge out to the sides and draw its front and rear potions the magnetic field passes to the next capsule，the In'st breaks free and springs forward and the next capsule bunches this way，the caterpillar Call reach speeds of 4 centimeters per second as it crawls along.
Moving the magnetic field faster can make it traverse the caterpillar before all the capsules have sprung back to their original segments then all spring back，almost but not quite simultaneously. Saga plans to automate the movement of the caterpillar by placing electromagnets at regular intervals along the inside of its polymer phasing the current flow to the electromagnets，he’ll be able to control it wirelessly via remote also needs to find a new type of robber for the magnetic capsules，because the one he’s using at the minute eventually begins to leak.
But crawling is not the most efficient form of locomotion for robots，says Roben Full of the University of Cali— fomia at expert in animal motion who occasionally advises robotics designers.“If you look at the ener- getic cost of crawling，compared to walkig，swimming or flying，crawling is very expensive，”he ing， on the other every step，energy is conserved in the foot and then released to help the foot spring up. Saga acknowledges this inefficiency but says his caterpillar is far more stable than one that walks，rolls on wheels or has no moving parts save for a few fluid—filled rubber d robots and wheeled robots require a smooth surface and are difficult to miniaturize，and flying rob6ts have too many moving parts. “My peri- staltic crawling robot is simple and it works，”he says.
this passage，we can learn that_____.
[A]a robotic caterpillar can crawl by a pair of rubber rods
[B]when a caterpillar moves，the magnetic field movies backwards along it
[C]the environment couldn’t influence a robotic caterpillar’s guts，which are wrapped in a capsule
[D]crawling is very stable and efficient，and when it moves，only a few elements are needed
rding to this passage，which is not true about the construction of the robotic caterpillar?
[A]A robotic caterpillar is made from a series of rubber capsules filled with a magneti fluid.
[B]Iron particles，water，and a detergent-like surfactant form a magnetic fluid.
[C]Each capsule filled with a magnetic fluid is linked to the next by a pair of rubber rods.
[D]In order to keep stable condition，the caterpillar’s guts are wrapped in a clear，flexible polymer tube.
meaning of the word“peristalsis”in Paragraph 3 is similar to_____.
[A]swimming
[B]flying
[C]crawling
[D]walking
aring the robotic caterpillar and the other robots，which of the following is not true?
[A]A smooth surface is indispensable to biped robots and wheeled robots.
[B]Flying robots are very inconvenient when moving，because they have too many moving parts.
[C]The robotic caterpillar only has rubber capsules filled with a magnetic fluid.
[D]It’s incapable for wheeled robots to locate trapped people because they are impossible to miniaturize.
passage is mainly about______.
[A]why a robotic caterpillar Call find trapped people
[B]how a robotic caterpillar works
[C]the instruction of the magnetic caterpillar
[D]how a robotic caterpillar crawls
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短文賞析
困在砂礫中的地震倖存者將來可能會被日本秋田縣立大學的Saga發明的一種新型的履帶裝置機器人拯救。它依靠磁場驅動穿越細小砂礫，裝備了燈、照相機，以及感測器等裝置。這種履帶由一系列裝滿含有鐵粒子、水和類似洗潔劑的表面活性劑的橡膠容器製造。它的'移動原理是在履帶裝置的“主”容器內，磁力液體湧向磁場，致使容器向外突出，並且使其前後部分抬起。當磁場移動到下一個容器時，第一個容器擺脫束縛，向前彈出，同時下一個容器隆起。依靠這種動力，機器人不斷蠕動前進。這種機器人能耗量高，但是其穩定性卻是很好的。
答案解析
56.B【解析】由第四段第一句“To make the caterpillar move forwards，Saga moves a magnetic field backwards along the caterpillar.”可以看出，磁場會向後移動，從而使機器蟲移動。故應選B。
57.C【解析】由第三段倒數第二三句“Each capsule is linked to the next by a pair of rubber rods.”可以得出，囊與囊之間由一對橡膠棒連線。故應選C。
58.C【解析】根據第三段的“the rhythmic contraction that moves food down your intestine”可以推斷出peristalsis就相當於crawling，意思是“有節奏的蠕動”。故應選c。
59.D【解析】根據文章最後一段“wheeled robots require a smooth surface and are difficult to miniaturize”，作者說輪式的機器人在救人的時候，需要一個光滑的平面，而且很難穩定。文章並沒有說它不能救人。故應選D。
60.A【解析】文章一開始就說“A robotic caterpillar that burrows its way through debris.”這種新型的機器人在瓦礫中尋找倖存者。接下來，則介紹了它的工作原理，說明它為什麼能夠進入沙礫中去救人。故應選A。
