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1. Research carded out in the recent opinion polls shows that _______。
[ A ] available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population
[ B ] new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures
[ C ] available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployed
[ D ] the nowaday high unemployment figures are a truth of life
2. The arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant that_______。
[ A ] universal employment virtually guaranteed prosperity
[ B ] economic freedom came within everyone’s control
[ C ] patterns of work were fundamentally changed
[ D ] people’s attitudes to work had to be reversed
3. The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant that_______。
[ A ] people were no longer legally entitled to own land
[ B ] people were driven to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves
[ C ] people were not adequately compensated for the loss of their land
[ D ] people were badly paid for the work they managed to find
4. The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in that _______。
[ A ] the household and village community disappeared completely
[ B ] men now travelled enormous distances to their places of work
[ C ] young and old people became superfluous components of society
[ D ] the work status of those not in paid employment suffered
5. The article concludes that_______。
[ A ] the creation of jobs for all is an impossibility
[ B ] our efforts and resources in terms of tackling unemployment are insufficient
[ C ] people should begin supporting themselves by learning a practical skill
[ D ] we should help those whose jobs are only part-time
短文賞析
本文提出了部分就業的觀點。作者認為，現在居高不下的失業率迫使人們必須找到增加就業的方法。不僅應當增加職位，還應當鼓勵人們自謀出路，而不是受僱於別人。作者還認為，現在已經到了改變工作模式的時候了。是工業革命剝奪了人們的.土地，將人們驅趕進工廠，並形成了丈夫主外、妻子主內的家庭分工模式。由於就業，婦女、年輕人和老人處於不利的工作地位上，他們被排除在工作之外。因此作者認為.比起為所有人創造工作，更為緊迫的是幫助人們依靠非全職工作生活下去.
答案及解析
1.D【解析】由短文第一句“Opinion polls are now beginning to show ver is to blame and whatever happens from now on，high unemployment is probably here to stay.”可知。
2.C【解析】由短文第三段中“The industrial age may now be coming to an end，and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed.”可知。
3.B 【解析】由短文第四段第一句“…the l7th and l8th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land....”可知。
4.D【解析】由短文第六段可知答案為D。
5.A 【解析】由全文看，作者支援的一種觀點是“為所有人創造工作機會是不可能的”。
