現在完成時態
⑴由have/ has + 過去分詞
⑵表示過去發生或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果
常與already, just , yet , ever, never 連用
have you finished your work yet?你完成了你的工作了嗎?
yes, i have. i have just finished it. 是的。我剛剛完成了。
i have already finished it . 我已經完成了。
have you ever been to china? 你曾經去過中國嗎?
no, i have never been there. 沒有,我從來也沒有去過。
⑶①表示過去已經開始,持續到現在的動作 或狀態和表示過去某一時刻延續到現在(包括現在在內)的.一段時間的狀態連用如:(for + 時間段,since + 時間點,或過去某一動作, 以及how long )
②注: 非延續性動詞在現在完成 時態中不能和for, since 引導的表示一段時間的狀語的肯定句連用。
應轉為相應的延續性動詞 如:
buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be in
borrow----- keep leave---- be away
i have bought a pen.------ i have had a pen for 2 weeks.
the dog has died.------- the dog has been dead since last week.
⑷①have (has) been to + 地點 去過某地 已經回來
②have (has) gone to + 地點 去了某地 沒有回來
③have been in + 地點 一直呆在某地 沒有離開過 如:
she has been to shanghai. 她去過上海。(已經回來)
she has gone to shanghai. 她去了上海。(沒有回來)
she has been in shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海兩天了。(沒有離開過上海)
1.情態動詞must, may , might, could, may , can’t表示推測含義與用法後面都接動詞原形,都可以表示對現在情況的揣測和推斷但他們
含義有所不同
must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性)
may, might, could有可能,也許 (20%-80%的可能性)
can’t 不可能,不會 (可能性幾乎為零)
the dictionary must be mine. it has my name on it.
the cd might/could/may belong to tony because
he likes listening to pop music.
the hair band can’t be bob’s. after all, he is boy!
2. whose 誰的 疑問詞 作定語 後面接名詞
如:whose book is this? this is lily’s.
3. belong to 屬於 如:
that english book belongs to me.
4. 當play 指彈奏樂器時,常在樂器前用定冠詞 如:
play the guitar play the piano play the violin
當play 指進行球類運動時,則不用定冠詞 如:
play football play basketball play baseball
5. if引導的條件狀語從句,主句用一般將來時,
從句用一般現在時代替將來時 如:
if you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.如果你不快點,你將會遲到
6. if you have any idea== if you know 如果你知道
7. on 關於(學術,科目)
8. try to do sth. 嘗試做某事 如:i try to climb the tree. 我嘗試爬樹。