明天就是大學聯考了,英語詞彙是英語考試的關鍵,所以今天小編給大家整理了一些實用且常用的大學聯考英語詞彙相關資料,覺得有用的話快收藏吧。
一、從用法上覆習歸納詞彙,過語法關
英語詞彙大多具有本身詞義外,還有其語法功能,我們在複習時就不要把著眼點單純放在單詞記憶上,而 要從它們的語法功能上去把握它們。如在複習動詞時我們就要根據它們變化形式多、搭配活躍等特點,從它們 的用法上進行分類記憶。這樣,既可記住詞彙,又可攻克語法難關。
1.賓語不同,意義也不同
英語中有些動詞可同時後接不定式和動名詞作賓語,但意義不同。它們是大學聯考試題的考查重點。這類詞主 要有:
go on doing(繼續幹同一件事) go on to do(接著去幹另一件事)
stop doing sth.(停止正在乾的事) stop to do sth.(停下來去幹某事)
regret doing(後悔幹了某事) regret to do(相當於be sorry to do)
forget/remember doing(忘記/記得已做過的事) forget/rem-ember to do(忘記/記得要乾的事)
mean doing(意味著幹…) mean to do(想幹…)try doing(嘗試做) try to do(設法做)
(95大學聯考)"You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.""Well,now I regret_____ ___that."
do be doing have done ng done
(92大學聯考)"I usually go there by train.""Why not____________by boat for a change?"
try going ng to go try and go going
(87大學聯考)They would not allow him_________across the line. risk going ing going risk to go going
2.都可接賓語和賓補,形式卻不同
某些動詞如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動詞作賓語時要用動名詞,但接賓補時 ,賓補要用不定式。如: We forbid smoking here.(賓語)We forbid you to smoke here.(賓補)You are forbidden to smoke here.(主補)
3.賓語不同、語態不同,意義卻相同
有些詞如need,require,want,deserve等後可接不定式(要用被動形式),可接動名詞(要用主動形式表被 動意義),可與worth,worthy一併記憶。兩種形式意義相同。如:The room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.
(85大學聯考)This sentence needs______________. improvement ove oving oved
4.只接不定式作賓語的詞和片語
只接不定式作賓語的詞和片語有:decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,make up one's mind,used,be about,be able,have等。如:(89大學聯考)She pretended_______me when I passed by. to see seeing not see ng not seen
5.只接動名詞作賓語的詞和片語
只接動名詞作賓語的詞和片語:mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feel like,look forward to,can't help,keep(on),miss,be usedto,excuse,be worth,imagine ,put off,give up等。如:
(92大學聯考)I would appreciate_________back this to call call calling are calling
(87大學聯考)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed______hing be caught g caught catch
6.系動詞
系動詞後可用名詞、不定式、分詞和形容詞等作表語,這類詞有:
表感觀的系動詞:look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(這些詞用形容詞作表語)
表變化的系動詞:become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run表依舊的系動詞:remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold
可帶名詞作表語的系動詞:be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn(該詞後接的單數名詞前多不用冠詞。如:He turned teacher.)(91大學聯考)These oranges taste____________ be good be well
7.含"被動"意味的動詞
有些動詞,如sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull, clean,add,cook,let(出租)等,它們的主語是事物,且又是表示主語的固有特徵和狀態,與行為方式狀語連 用時,要用主動形式表被動意義:
My pen writes smoothly.我的筆好寫。Oil burns easily.油易燃燒。
(88大學聯考)That suit_________over 60 costed ed cost
(97大學聯考)"Is this raincoat yours?""No,mine____________there behind the door." hanging hung s
8.具有兩種形式的易混動詞
中學英語教材中有些不規則動詞有兩種過去式或兩種過去分詞形式,使用或考測時極易弄混。如:
hang,hanged,hanged(絞死)hang,hung,hung(掛起)
light,lit,lit(點燃,作謂語)light,lighted,lighted(過去分詞作形容詞用時,意謂"燃燒著的",作定語)
drink,drank,drunk/drunken(喝,飲;過去分詞作形容詞同時,意謂"醉的",drunk多作表語,drunke n多作定語)
sink,sank,sunk/sunken(下沉;過去分詞sunken作形容詞用時,作定語)
bear,bore,born(出生)bear,bore,borne(結果;生育)The woman,who was born in 1940,has borne five children.
lie(撒謊), lied, lied, lying lie(躺,臥,位於),lay, lain, lying
(89大學聯考)Do you know the boy___________under the big tree? ng g