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關於英文寫作中簡潔的表達攻略

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鑑於目前托福考試中寫作的一道難關,筆者特意走訪了北雅國際英語學校託福SAT學術中心的主任陸老師,請他談談託福寫作中不可忽視的細節。一味地追求句子的長度有時反而會犧牲句子的可讀性,特別是對一些基礎一般的學生來說,有時生硬地追求長句反而破壞了句子的句法準確性。下面,陸老師結合一線教學的講演,為考生們列舉一些寫得並不成功的長句,並給出如何修改的建議:

關於英文寫作中簡潔的表達攻略

避免空洞的單詞和片語

1.一些空洞的單詞或片語根本不能為句子帶來任何相關的或重要的資訊,完全可以被刪掉。比如下面的句子:

When all things are considered,young adults of today live more satisfying lives than those of their parents, in my opinion.

這句話當中的when all things are considered和in my opinion都顯得多餘。完全可以去掉。

避免重複

1.儘量避免重複使用同樣的詞彙。或者有的時候雖然詞彙沒有重複,但意思卻有重複。這時候可以做一些簡化的.工作。例如下面這個例子:

The farm my grandfather grew up on was large in size.

large對一個farm來說就是size方面的large,所以in size可以去掉,改為: The farm my grandfather grew up on was large.

更簡潔的表達方式為:

My grandfather grew up on alarge farm.

選擇最恰當的語法結構

選擇合適的語法結構可以使句子意思的表達更為精確和簡練。雖然語法的多樣性也很重要,但選擇最恰當的語法結構仍然是更為重要的考慮因素。以下,北雅學校將推薦幾種考生們在考慮選擇何種語法結構時可以參考的原則:

1.一個句子的主語和謂語動詞應該能夠反映句子中的最重要的意思。例如:

The situation that resulted in my grandfathers not being able tostudy engineering was that his father needed help on the farm.

從意思上來分析,上面這句話需要表達的重要的概念是grandfathers not being able tostudy,而在表達這個概念時,原句用的主語是situation,謂語動詞是was,不能強調需要表達的重點概念,可以改為下面這句話

My grandfather couldnt study engineering because his father needed help on the farm.

2.避免頻繁使用there be結構,例如下面的句子:

There were 25 cows on the farm that my grandfather had to milk every day. It was hard work for my grandfather.

更簡潔的句式為:

My grandfather worked hard milking 25 cowsdaily.