機器與人類
We?have?devised?machines?that?perform?number-crunching?and?other?rote?cerebral?tasks?withgreater?accuracy?and?speed?than?human?minds?ever?could.
Machines?have?no?capacityfor?independent?thought,?for?making?judgments?based?on?normative?considerations,or?for?developing?emotional?responses?to?intellectual?problems.
Up?until?now,?the?notion?of?human-mademachines?that?develop?the?ability?to?think?on?their?own,?and?to?developso-called?"emotional?intelligence,"?has?been?pure?fiction.憑空虛造
Yet?it?seems?presumptuousto?assert?with?confidence?that?humans?will?alwaysmaintain?their?superior?status?over?their?machines.
Recent?advances?in?biotechnology,particularly?in?the?area?of?human?genome?research,suggest?that?within?the?21st?Century?we’ll?witness?machines?that?can?learnto?think?on?their?own,?to?repair?and?nurture?themselves,?to?experience?visceralsensations本體感覺,?and?soforth.
Humans?havethe?unique?capacity?for?independent?thought,?subjectivejudgment,?and?emotional?response
科學的雙面性
for?every?new?research?breakthrough?thathelps?reduces?human?suffering?is?another?that?serves?to?add?to?that?suffering
For?example,?while?somemight?argue?that?physics?researchers?who?harnessed?thepower?of?the?atom?have?provided?us?with?an?alternativesource?of?energy?and?invaluable?"peace-keepers,"?thisargument?ignored?the?face?that?hundreds?ofthousands?of?innocent?people?murdered?and?maimedby?atomic?blasts,?and?by?nuclear?meltdowns核洩露.?美軍對廣島[Hiroshima]原子彈轟炸
