定語從句的概念在複合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句.被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。下面是小編整理的新概念一定語從句,歡迎大家閱讀參考。
篇一:新概念一定語從句一、什麼是定語(Attributive) :
a loyal friend 形容詞作定語
a woman teacher 名詞作定語
a girl with long hair 介詞短語作後置定語
falling / fallen leaves 分詞作定語
定語從句在句中相當於一個定語的成分起修飾的作用。
二、定語從句的構成:
1)which/that
a. Annawas wearing a hat.
b. Itwas too dirty.
定從: Annawas wearing a hat which/that was too dirty. (主語)
安娜戴了一頂很髒的帽子。
a. The hat was too dirty.
b. Anna was wearing a hat
定從: The hat that/ which Anna was wearing was too dirty.(賓語)
安娜戴著的那頂帽子太髒了。
2). who/whom
a. I meta boy.
b. Theboy can speak three languages.
定從: I met a boy who can speak three languages. (主語)
我見到了一個能說三種語言的男孩兒。
a. Theboy can speak three languages.
b. I met a boy.
定從:The boy whom/ who I met can speak three languages. (賓語)
我見到的男孩兒能說三種語言。
3. whose
a. We saw some people.
b. Their arms had broken.
定從: We saw some people whose arms had broken.
我們看見了一些手臂受了傷的人。
a. The desk belongs to Mary.
b. The leg of the desk is broken.
定從: The deskwhose leg is broken belongs to Mary.
腿壞了的桌子屬於瑪利。
三、只能使用關係代詞that的幾種情況。
1. 先行詞為all, little, few,much, nothing, something, anything, everything等不定代詞時
e is nothing that I can say
2. 先行詞被 all, each, few,much, every, no, some, any 等詞修飾時
e.g. I have few books that you needed
3. 先行詞既有人又有物時
e.g. He talked about the teachers and schools that he liked
4.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高階修飾時
e.g. This is the best composition that I have read.
5. 先行詞被the only, the very,the last 等修飾時
e.g. This is the very man that I am looking for.
6. 主句是以who或which開頭的疑問句時
e.g. Who is the man that is holding Mary’s hand?
四、非限定性定語從句 Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
1. “位置形式”:緊接先行詞,不用標點分割
e.g. I want to buy the house which has agarden.
2. 用逗號與主句隔開,修飾“主句全句或部分內容”,可置句末,中,首。
e.g. I want to buy the house, which has agarden.
The earth is round, which is known to all
As is known to all, the earth is round.
3. “先行詞”
限定性: n. / n. phrase
e.g. He wears a red shirt which makes himlike a girl.
非限定性:1). n. / n. phrase
2). the sentence
e.g. He wears a red shirt, which makes himlike a girl.
“關係詞的用法”
限定性:1).關係代詞作從句賓語時可省
2). that可替who, whom, which(口)
e.g. This is the book( which/that) I boughtyesterday.
非限定性:1).關係詞不能用that
2).不能替換,不能省(which, as)
e.g. I like the book, which I bought yesterday
Do you know Tom, whom we talked about?
She has to work on Sundays,which she doesn’t like.
篇二:二新概念一定語從句一、定義
用來修飾句子中的名詞或代詞或其短語的從句,就叫做定語從句。其實,就是拿句子來做名詞、代詞或是其短語的定語。如:
It's a book.
I bought the book yesterday.以上兩句話中,都有book一詞,所以可以用定語從句把兩句話連起來。即:
It's the book that I bought yesterday.這句話中that引導的I bought yesterday就是一個定語從句,用來修飾the book。
二、兩個概念
要想學好定語從句,得先弄清楚兩個基本概念,即:先行詞和關係詞。
(一)先行詞
所謂先行詞,就是指定語從句所修飾的成分。這個名稱倒是挺形象的,為什麼?因為先行詞永遠出現在定語從句的前面,總是先走一步的`,呵呵!
(二)關係詞
所謂關係詞,就是指用來連線定語從句的詞語。關係詞可以分為關係代詞和關係副詞。需要注意的是,關係代詞或關係副詞都要在從句中充當成分的,所以是不可或缺的,儘管當關系代詞在從句中作賓語時,經常可以省略(本文會繼續講到這個情況)。
我們在來看一下在第一節裡出現的句子:
It's the book that I bought yesterday.句中的the book就是先行詞,被後面的從句I bought yesterday所修飾。而that就是關係代詞,用來連線I bought yesterday,同時又在從句作bought的賓語,而且可以省略。
定語從句的學習,其實就是有關根據先行詞的特點選擇合適的關係詞的學習。
三、分類
按照定語從句與先行詞的關係緊密與否,可以分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句。
(一)限定性定語從句
限定性定語從句對先行詞起著修飾限定作用,是不可或缺的。如:
These are the apples that/which they sent us two days ago.
(二)非限定性定語從句
非限定性定語從句對先行詞起著補充說明作用,可要可不要。非限定性定語從句都會被逗號與先行詞隔開。